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Architecture And Archæloogy.
and at rarer intervals in Northern Europe . Fergnsson ' s Hand-book , to Avkick I have already referred , and the much larger French Avork , by Isabelle , on " Edifices Circulaires , " though referring cbiefly to classic instances , Avill supply ample examples to those who are inclined to exhaust the subject . The baptisteries of Florence , ' the Duomo Vecchio of
Brescia , Pisa , and Parma , the campanile of Pisa , knoAvn as tho "Leaning Tower , " are familiar to us all , either by the engravings or still more faithful photographs which every traveller brings home Avith him . All combine , more or less , the rectangular Avith the circular form , and none of them very much exceed or fall short of the diameter of 100 feet , Avhich may be taken as the average measure of this class of
buildings . It AAUII illustrate better the history of our OAVII churches to direct your attention to the ground plan of S . Tomaso in Limine , near Bergamo , where the arrangement is almost identical with the original plan of the English examples . Travelling farther north , we arrive at the curious and important church of Aix la Chappellein which " more
em-, perors haA-e been croAvned , and more important events happened Avitbin its walls , than have been Avitnessed Avithin the walls of any existing church in Church in Christendom . " This Avas built by Charlemagne , and , though overpowered hy the accretions of ages , still retains its main features complete . Tho nave is really a polygon of sixteen sides , but the
shortness of each line brings it in effect to the character of a circle . Originally a circular niche , as in the baptistery of Nocera dei Pagani , formed the east end : the present chancel terminating Avith a projecting polygonal or many-sided apse , Avhich also has all the general effect of a round , Avas not erected till the fourteenth century . This church AVUS , no doubt , a sepulchral one , and the parent of many similar
buildings in Germany . The churches of Neimeguen and Magdeburg seemed to have followed its typo , AAdiile that of Petersberg ( in Germany ) keeps to the true circle , both in choir and apse , and terminates westward with a largo square toiver . The baptistery at Bonn , Avhich was of tho eleventh century , has the rectangular part as a largo Avestern porch , instead of being inserted as a choir between the round nave
and apse . I notice the hexagonal Chapel of Cobem on the Moscfle on account of its rare form , and because , by the kindness of Professor Donaldson , I am able to exhibit very complete scaling dra-Avings , Avhich in the elevation of vaulting , triforium , and clerestory , give you a good idea ofthe appearance which your own church of St . Sepulchre must have exhibited in its pristine integrit though the lan of St
y , p . Tomaso , near Bergamo , furnished also by Professor Donaldson , shoAvs this much more clearly . For many of the other ground plans I have to thank Mr . Irvine , the intelligent clerk of tho Avorks at St . Sepulchre ' s , Avho carefully notes and preserves every relic of old times that is brought to light by tho present alterations . ( To bo continued . )
GENERAL ARCHITECTURAL INTELLIGENCE . St . AndreAv ' s Church , Dublin , has been recently partly restored , —the mural monuments that had been covered Avith plaster are brought to view ; the old Norman front ( A . D . 1104 ) is placed Avitbin the church ; the recumbent effigies of the Earl of Portlester and his Avifo , and of a bishop of Kildare , previously exposed to the weather , are under
now cover ; the chancel AvindoAv is filled in Avith stained glass ; the tottering and unsightly vestry removed . It is _ further proposed ( when funds permit ) to re-roof the portions of the old buildings still uncovered , to save from utter rum the clustered shaft pillars in the graveyard , and to effect A-anous other desirable objects . In an appeal for pecuniary assistance , the committee remind the public that this ancient church dates from
Anglo-Norman times , and , if restored , Avould exhibit one of the choicest specimens of the architecture of the period , as attested by the monumental brasses , mouldering statues , and time-Avorn inscriptions , < sc ., therein . " Tho new church of the Assumption at Wexford , has been consecrated . It is almost identical Avith that ' of "tho Immaculate Conception , " at the north end of tho tOAvn . Tho style is Decorated Gothic , and the plan comprises nave , enanecl , and side aisles , with toAver at Avestern end , sur-
Architecture And Archæloogy.
mounted by a spire , attaining an altitude of 220 ft . Dimensions of church—150 ft . in length , by 80 in width , including the aisles , which are separated from naA-e by a arcade of pointed , arches , springing from cut stone piers with moulded capitals . The roof is of open timber-work , chamfered , stained , and varnished . Coupled mullioned AvindoAvs in the flanks , and
great AvindoAvs at the east and Avest end , light the church ; several being filled in Avith stained glass , representing Amrious subjects . The altar in the chapel of the Blessed Virgin is the gift of Mr . J . T . Devereux . A richly carved oaken organ gallery is placed at the Avestern cxteremity of tho church . The material for walling is red conglomerate , Avith granite dressings .
The church of Ilton , near Ilminster , Somersetshire , has been re-opened . The interior has been restored , except the transept , which belongs to Mr . Hull , of Ilminster , who has promised to divest it , during the next spring , of tho coats of AvhiteAvash which now " adorn" it . Tho windoAV in this part is filled with stained g lass . Tho nave and north aisle have been re-pevred Avith seats of deal , stained . There has
also been aneAV ceiling to the nuA ^ e , divided into panels by moulded ribs ; and the oak moulded ribs of the aisle roof , Avhich Avere concealed with plaster , haA-e been exposed to A'iew , repaired , and cleaned . The Ham stone piers and arches haA-e also been repaired and cleaned , and the walls re-stuccoed . Tho old oak pulpit has been cleansed from its numerous coats of paintaltered someAvhat in shape aud heihtand fixed
, g , on a Ham stono base . The approach to it is through a small octagonal vestry , which has been throAvn out on the south side , in the corner formed by tho chancel and transept . The chancel has been rebuilt , and is separated from the nave by a lower screen of Bath stone , with a pair of gates , made of iron and brass . The chancel , also , has a UCAV ceiling of tho same character as that of the nave , and with carved
fioAvors at the intersections . The east Avail , as high as the level of the sill of the AvindoAV , is cOA-ered Avith Minton ' s tiles . Tho part over the communion table is covered Avith glazed and enamelled tiling of various colours , and Avith tho Canterbury tile on each side . In the centre is painted a A'esica Avith a cross bearing the sacred monogram ill colours and gold , and immediately above this is painted , in MediteA-al
letters , the text , " Whoso eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood hath eternal life , and I will raise him up at the last day . " The chancel is filled Avith two roAvs of oak seats , placed stall-Aviso on each side , the front ones having moveable book-stands . The whole arc finished Avith carved poppyheads , some carved foliage , and trefoit panelling immediately under the book-board , and cut and moulded bench ends .
The floor is laid Avith Maw's encaustic tiles , that portion inside the communion rails being of geometric mosaic work . A now north aisle has been added to the chancel , from vvhioh it is separated by two arches of Ham stono , filled in with a light open oak screen , having some Avrought-iron Avork in each compartment , and finished by a light iron cresting , the Avholo being relieved by having the leaves , & c , gilt . Tho two-light Avinclow on tho north side has been filled Avith stained galss . The subjects are Samuel and Eli , and Jesus
Ghirst as the Good Shepherd . This windoAV has been put m by the vicar . It is intended at a future time to fill tho east and south AvindoAv with stained glass . The UCAV cemetery at Yeovil , Somersetshire , has been consecrated . The site is on the Preston-road , immediately facing Ram Park , and about a mile from the borough . The The grounds arc entered by a pair of gates of oak and iron .
There is an entrance-lodge on the loft side , built in a stylo appropriate to the architecture of the chapels , Avhich are approached from the lodge by a gravelled Avalk about 12 ft . Avidc . Those are built in the Italian Gothic stylo , of Yeovil stone , Avith Hamhill stone dressings , and each chapel ivill accommodate about fifty persons . There arc two entrances to oaeh chapel , one by an open porch which Avas intended to
bo the approach from a central tower , includcdin the design of tho architect . This tower has not been built , from want of funds , but the foundations arc laid . There is a stono central turret on each chapel . These turrets arc about 30 ffc . high , and are carried up on four ribs springing from four colums , Avhich rise from the interior of the chapels . The chapels arc paved Avith tiles , inlaid Avith a mixture of Hamhill stone , and stone from tho Pisbury quarries , near Langport . The Avindort-s are filled with ornamental glass .
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software.
Architecture And Archæloogy.
and at rarer intervals in Northern Europe . Fergnsson ' s Hand-book , to Avkick I have already referred , and the much larger French Avork , by Isabelle , on " Edifices Circulaires , " though referring cbiefly to classic instances , Avill supply ample examples to those who are inclined to exhaust the subject . The baptisteries of Florence , ' the Duomo Vecchio of
Brescia , Pisa , and Parma , the campanile of Pisa , knoAvn as tho "Leaning Tower , " are familiar to us all , either by the engravings or still more faithful photographs which every traveller brings home Avith him . All combine , more or less , the rectangular Avith the circular form , and none of them very much exceed or fall short of the diameter of 100 feet , Avhich may be taken as the average measure of this class of
buildings . It AAUII illustrate better the history of our OAVII churches to direct your attention to the ground plan of S . Tomaso in Limine , near Bergamo , where the arrangement is almost identical with the original plan of the English examples . Travelling farther north , we arrive at the curious and important church of Aix la Chappellein which " more
em-, perors haA-e been croAvned , and more important events happened Avitbin its walls , than have been Avitnessed Avithin the walls of any existing church in Church in Christendom . " This Avas built by Charlemagne , and , though overpowered hy the accretions of ages , still retains its main features complete . Tho nave is really a polygon of sixteen sides , but the
shortness of each line brings it in effect to the character of a circle . Originally a circular niche , as in the baptistery of Nocera dei Pagani , formed the east end : the present chancel terminating Avith a projecting polygonal or many-sided apse , Avhich also has all the general effect of a round , Avas not erected till the fourteenth century . This church AVUS , no doubt , a sepulchral one , and the parent of many similar
buildings in Germany . The churches of Neimeguen and Magdeburg seemed to have followed its typo , AAdiile that of Petersberg ( in Germany ) keeps to the true circle , both in choir and apse , and terminates westward with a largo square toiver . The baptistery at Bonn , Avhich was of tho eleventh century , has the rectangular part as a largo Avestern porch , instead of being inserted as a choir between the round nave
and apse . I notice the hexagonal Chapel of Cobem on the Moscfle on account of its rare form , and because , by the kindness of Professor Donaldson , I am able to exhibit very complete scaling dra-Avings , Avhich in the elevation of vaulting , triforium , and clerestory , give you a good idea ofthe appearance which your own church of St . Sepulchre must have exhibited in its pristine integrit though the lan of St
y , p . Tomaso , near Bergamo , furnished also by Professor Donaldson , shoAvs this much more clearly . For many of the other ground plans I have to thank Mr . Irvine , the intelligent clerk of tho Avorks at St . Sepulchre ' s , Avho carefully notes and preserves every relic of old times that is brought to light by tho present alterations . ( To bo continued . )
GENERAL ARCHITECTURAL INTELLIGENCE . St . AndreAv ' s Church , Dublin , has been recently partly restored , —the mural monuments that had been covered Avith plaster are brought to view ; the old Norman front ( A . D . 1104 ) is placed Avitbin the church ; the recumbent effigies of the Earl of Portlester and his Avifo , and of a bishop of Kildare , previously exposed to the weather , are under
now cover ; the chancel AvindoAv is filled in Avith stained glass ; the tottering and unsightly vestry removed . It is _ further proposed ( when funds permit ) to re-roof the portions of the old buildings still uncovered , to save from utter rum the clustered shaft pillars in the graveyard , and to effect A-anous other desirable objects . In an appeal for pecuniary assistance , the committee remind the public that this ancient church dates from
Anglo-Norman times , and , if restored , Avould exhibit one of the choicest specimens of the architecture of the period , as attested by the monumental brasses , mouldering statues , and time-Avorn inscriptions , < sc ., therein . " Tho new church of the Assumption at Wexford , has been consecrated . It is almost identical Avith that ' of "tho Immaculate Conception , " at the north end of tho tOAvn . Tho style is Decorated Gothic , and the plan comprises nave , enanecl , and side aisles , with toAver at Avestern end , sur-
Architecture And Archæloogy.
mounted by a spire , attaining an altitude of 220 ft . Dimensions of church—150 ft . in length , by 80 in width , including the aisles , which are separated from naA-e by a arcade of pointed , arches , springing from cut stone piers with moulded capitals . The roof is of open timber-work , chamfered , stained , and varnished . Coupled mullioned AvindoAvs in the flanks , and
great AvindoAvs at the east and Avest end , light the church ; several being filled in Avith stained glass , representing Amrious subjects . The altar in the chapel of the Blessed Virgin is the gift of Mr . J . T . Devereux . A richly carved oaken organ gallery is placed at the Avestern cxteremity of tho church . The material for walling is red conglomerate , Avith granite dressings .
The church of Ilton , near Ilminster , Somersetshire , has been re-opened . The interior has been restored , except the transept , which belongs to Mr . Hull , of Ilminster , who has promised to divest it , during the next spring , of tho coats of AvhiteAvash which now " adorn" it . Tho windoAV in this part is filled with stained g lass . Tho nave and north aisle have been re-pevred Avith seats of deal , stained . There has
also been aneAV ceiling to the nuA ^ e , divided into panels by moulded ribs ; and the oak moulded ribs of the aisle roof , Avhich Avere concealed with plaster , haA-e been exposed to A'iew , repaired , and cleaned . The Ham stone piers and arches haA-e also been repaired and cleaned , and the walls re-stuccoed . Tho old oak pulpit has been cleansed from its numerous coats of paintaltered someAvhat in shape aud heihtand fixed
, g , on a Ham stono base . The approach to it is through a small octagonal vestry , which has been throAvn out on the south side , in the corner formed by tho chancel and transept . The chancel has been rebuilt , and is separated from the nave by a lower screen of Bath stone , with a pair of gates , made of iron and brass . The chancel , also , has a UCAV ceiling of tho same character as that of the nave , and with carved
fioAvors at the intersections . The east Avail , as high as the level of the sill of the AvindoAV , is cOA-ered Avith Minton ' s tiles . Tho part over the communion table is covered Avith glazed and enamelled tiling of various colours , and Avith tho Canterbury tile on each side . In the centre is painted a A'esica Avith a cross bearing the sacred monogram ill colours and gold , and immediately above this is painted , in MediteA-al
letters , the text , " Whoso eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood hath eternal life , and I will raise him up at the last day . " The chancel is filled Avith two roAvs of oak seats , placed stall-Aviso on each side , the front ones having moveable book-stands . The whole arc finished Avith carved poppyheads , some carved foliage , and trefoit panelling immediately under the book-board , and cut and moulded bench ends .
The floor is laid Avith Maw's encaustic tiles , that portion inside the communion rails being of geometric mosaic work . A now north aisle has been added to the chancel , from vvhioh it is separated by two arches of Ham stono , filled in with a light open oak screen , having some Avrought-iron Avork in each compartment , and finished by a light iron cresting , the Avholo being relieved by having the leaves , & c , gilt . Tho two-light Avinclow on tho north side has been filled Avith stained galss . The subjects are Samuel and Eli , and Jesus
Ghirst as the Good Shepherd . This windoAV has been put m by the vicar . It is intended at a future time to fill tho east and south AvindoAv with stained glass . The UCAV cemetery at Yeovil , Somersetshire , has been consecrated . The site is on the Preston-road , immediately facing Ram Park , and about a mile from the borough . The The grounds arc entered by a pair of gates of oak and iron .
There is an entrance-lodge on the loft side , built in a stylo appropriate to the architecture of the chapels , Avhich are approached from the lodge by a gravelled Avalk about 12 ft . Avidc . Those are built in the Italian Gothic stylo , of Yeovil stone , Avith Hamhill stone dressings , and each chapel ivill accommodate about fifty persons . There arc two entrances to oaeh chapel , one by an open porch which Avas intended to
bo the approach from a central tower , includcdin the design of tho architect . This tower has not been built , from want of funds , but the foundations arc laid . There is a stono central turret on each chapel . These turrets arc about 30 ffc . high , and are carried up on four ribs springing from four colums , Avhich rise from the interior of the chapels . The chapels arc paved Avith tiles , inlaid Avith a mixture of Hamhill stone , and stone from tho Pisbury quarries , near Langport . The Avindort-s are filled with ornamental glass .